Biology 121 study concepts for Chapter 1 material

  1. What is the meaning of the following terms: anatomy, physiology, gross anatomy, regional anatomy, systemic anatomy, cytology, histology, developmental anatomy, pathological anatomy, radiographic anatomy, atom, molecule, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism, metabolism, homeostasis, receptor, control, effector, negative feedback, positive feedback.
  2. What are examples of different studies in physiology?
  3. What is the principle of complementarity of structure and function?
  4. What are the levels of structure in living organisms, and how do they relate to each other?
  5. What are the characteristics that living organisms possess, and what human organ systems are involved with them?
  6. What are the basic physical needs needed to maintain human life?
  7. Why is homeostasis referred to as "dynamic equilibrium"?
  8. What is the differences between negative and positive feedback systems? Which one promotes homeostasis?
  9. What are examples of negative and positive feedback systems?
  10. What is "disease" as it relates to homeostasis?
  11. What is the anatomical position?
  12. What is the meaning of the directional terms listed in bold-face in your laboratory exercise? Can you use these terms conversationally?
  13. How do you judge "left" and "right" when you are examining a patient?
  14. What is the meaning of the surface regional terms listed in bold-face in your laboratory exercise? Can you use these terms conversationally? Can you locate them?
  15. What are the different body planes and sections used in anatomical studies?
  16. How is the human body divided into body cavities? What major organs can be found in each of the different body cavities?
  17. What are the serous membranes and how are they constructed? What are the pleura, pericardium, and peritoneum?
  18. What is pleurisy and peritonitis?
  19. What is the quadrant system for the abdominopelvic cavity? Who uses it? What major organs can be found in each quadrant?
  20. What are the nine abdominopelvic regions of the abdominopelvic cavity? Who uses this system? What major organs can be found in each region?