Biology 122                                                                          Name___________________________________

Exam #2                                                               (By placing your name above you are stating that you are in complete

16 February 2007                                                                compliance with the Young Harris College Honor Code)

 

Part A.  Please provide an appropriate definition for each of the following terms.  Each completely correct definition is worth 2 pts.

 

1.       lymph-

 

 

2.       efferent lymph vessels-

 

 

3.       spleen-

 

 

4.       bubo-

 

 

5.       phagocytosis-

 

 

6.       interferon-

 

 

7.       pyrogen-

 

 

8.       antibody-

 

 

9.       antigen-

 

 

10.    IgG-

 

 

11.    cytotoxic T-lymphocytes-

 

 

12.    cyclosporine-

 

 

13.    AIDS-

 

 

14.    gammaglobulin injection-

 

 

15.    autoimmune disease-

 

 

16.    hypersensitivity-

 

 

Part B.  Please select the best answer to each of the following questions.  Each correct response is worth 1 pt.

 

_____17.  Which of the following is not a function of the lymphatic system?

a.       provides a site for immune system surveillance

b.       produces red blood cells

c.        returns lymph to the blood stream

d.       all of the above are functions of the lymphatic system

e.        none of the above are functions of the lymphatic system

 

_____18.  Lymph from your legs will return to blood circulation through the:

a.       inferior vena cava

b.       femoral vein

c.        right lymphatic duct

d.       thoracic duct

e.        none of the above

 

_____19.  Lymph vessels:

a.       possess valves to prevent backflow

b.       utilize skeletal muscle pumps in order to push lymph through them.

c.        utilize the respiratory pump in order to push lymph through them.

d.       all of the above

e.        none of the above

 

_____20.  Lymph is "filtered" in the:

a.       lymph capillaries

b.       lymph vessels

c.        lymph nodes

d.       all of the above

e.        none of the above

 

_____21.  Afferent lymph vessels are ______ efferent lymph vessels.

a.       fewer in number and smaller in diameter than

b.       fewer in number and larger in diameter than

c.        greater in number and smaller in diameter than

d.       greater in number and larger in diameter than

e.        none of the above

 

Match the following lymphoid organs with their function.

 

                a. peyer's patches                                b.  spleen               c.  thymus gland                  d.  tonsils

 

_____22.  Destroys aged or defective RBCs, stores platelets, and is the site of hematopoesis in an

                embryo and in adults with severe anemia.

 

_____23.  Activates T-lymphocytes

 

_____24.  Site of immune system surveillance in the pharynx

 

_____25.  Site of immune system surveillance in the intestines

 

 

 

 

 

 

More multiple choice.

 

_____26.  A cancer that originates from lymphoid stem cells in the lymphatic system is called a(n):

a.       sarcoma

b.       myeloma

c.        carcinoma

d.       meningioma

e.        lymphoma

 

_____27.  When cancer spreads to other parts of the body it is called:

a.       benign

b.       metastasis

c.        leukopenia

d.       all of the above

e.        none of the above

 

_____28.  Which of the following is not part of nonspecific immunity?

a.       fever

b.       inflammatory response

c.        complement

d.       interferon

e.        antibodies

 

_____29.  The first line of nonspecific defense is the:

a.       inflammatory response

b.       production of antibodies

c.        cell-mediated immune response

d.       fever

e.        skin & mucous membranes

 

_____30.  The inflammatory response includes:

a.       the release of histamine from cells

b.       the release of heparin from cells

c.        the dilation of blood vessels at the site of injury

d.       all of the above

e.        none of the above

 

_____31.  Twenty or more plasma proteins which lyse microorganisms, intensify the inflammatory

                response and enhance phagocytosis, are called:

a.       albumin

b.       antibodies

c.        antigens

d.       interferon

e.        complement

 

_____32.  Virally-infected cells release _____ in order to prevent further spread of the virus to healthy

                cells.

a.       heparin

b.       histamine

c.        complement

d.       interleukin 1

e.        interferon

 

 

 

 

_____33.  Fever is initiated by chemicals known as:

a.       histamines

b.       interferons

c.        pyrogens

d.       interleukins

e.        none of the above

 

_____34.  Specific immunity involves:

a.       the detection of foreign antigens

b.       the production of antibodies

c.        the production of "memory" cells against foreign antigens

d.       all of the above

e.        none of the above

 

_____35.  B-lymphocytes are the primary agents of:

a.       non-specific immunity

b.       cancer production

c.        the cell-mediated immune response

d.       the humoral immune response

e.        none of the above

 

_____36.  The ability to recognize a foreign antigen and to amass an attack against that antigen is

                called:

a.       immunosupression

b.       immunoglobulin

c.        immunopenetrance

d.       immunodeficiency

e.        immunocompetence

 

_____37.  Antibodies are released by:

a.       macrophages

b.       cytotoxic T-lymphocytes

c.        helper T-lymphocytes

d.       plasma B-lymphocytes

e.        all of the above

 

_____38.  Surface proteins that stimulate a specific immune system response are called:

a.       complement

b.       interferons

c.        antibodies

d.       antigens

e.        pyrogens

 

_____39.  Antibodies:

a.       are Y-shaped proteins composed of two light chains and two heavy chains

b.       have an antigen-binding site

c.        agglutinate antigens, thus neutralizing foreign invaders

d.       all of the above

e.        none of the above

 

_____40.  Which antibody class can cross the placental barrier?

a.       IgA

b.       IgG

c.        IgM

d.       all of the above

e.        none of the above

_____41.  The second time you are exposed to the same antigen, which of the following cells will

                initiate the secondary response of humoral immunity?

a.       plasma B-lymphocyte

b.       memory B-lymphocyte

c.        macrophage

d.       cytotoxic T-lymphocyte

e.        none of the above

 

_____42.  In the cell-mediated immune response, the macrophage plays what role?

a.       it suppresses or stops the production of antibodies

b.       it produces antibodies

c.        it is an antigen-presenting cell (APC)

d.       all of the above

e.        none of the above

 

_____43.  The _______ is the most important stimulant for the entire immune system.  It is sometimes

                referred to as the "on switch" of specific immunity.

a.       plasma B-lymphocyte

b.       memory B-lymphocyte

c.        cytotoxic T-lymphocyte

d.       suppressor T-lymphocyte

e.        helper T-lymphocyte

 

_____44.  Which of the following transplants will be least likely to cause rejection?

a.       An artery is transplanted from your leg to your heart in a coronary artery bypass surgery.

b.       Your sister donates a kidney to you.

c.        You receive a bone-marrow transplant from your 2nd cousin.

d.       All of the above have equal likelihood of rejection.

e.        None of the above are likely to be rejected

 

_____45.  Which of the following is not an immunodeficiency disease?

a.       lupus

b.       AIDS

c.        SCID

d.       All of the above are immunodeficiency diseases

e.        None of the above are immunodeficiency diseases

 

_____46.  AIDS is:

a.       An inherited genetic disorder.

b.       Caused by the bacterium Streptococcus pyogenes.

c.        Caused by HIV

d.       All of the above

e.        None of the above

 

_____47.  An allergy is an example of a(n):

a.       hypersensitivity of the immune system

b.       immunodeficiency

c.        autoimmune disease

d.       all of the above

e.        none of the above

 

 

 

 

 

 

_____48.  Lupus is an example of a(n):

a.       hypersensitivity

b.       immunodeficiency

c.        autoimmune disease

d.       all of the above

e.        none of the above

 

_____49.  When you are receiving a polio vaccination, you are receiving:

a.       antibiotics that are designed to kill the polio virus

b.       antibodies that will neutralize the polio virus

c.        weakened or inactivated polio viruses

d.       all of the above

e.        none of the above

 

_____50.  You work for a company which has just informed you that you are traveling for two weeks

to Peru.  You are leaving tomorrow.  Since yellow fever (a viral disease carried by mosquitoes) is endemic to that region, you wish to be immunized against the disease.  What type of injection should you receive?

a.       an antibiotic, e.g. penicillin, erythromycin, etc.

b.       a vaccination

c.        an immunoglobulin injection

d.       an injection of pyrogens

e.        none of the above

 

_____51.  Cytotoxic T-lymphocytes:

a.       release antibodies

b.       are phagocytes

c.        directly kill foreign invaders

d.       are cancerous cells

e.        none of the above

 

_____52.  Since I can't think of another multiple choice question, just mark "e" for effort!

 

Part C.  Short Answer.

 

53.      Explain why we need a lymphatic system? (6 pts.)

 

 

 

 

 

 

54.      One of your friends has sneezed and has transmitted to you a strain of Influenza type A virus that you have never been exposed to before.  Describe how your body will attack this virus. (10 pts.)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

55.    What is the difference between a vaccination and a gammaglobulin injection?   Which one affords the best long-term protection, and which one will give you immediate immunity?(6 pts.)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

56.     Describe SCID and AIDS.  How are they similar?  How are they different? (10 pts.)