Exam #3
Name________________________________
Biology 122
28 March 2007 (By placing your name above, you attest that you have neither given nor
received unauthorized aid on this exam)
Part A.
Please provide an appropriate definition for each of the following
terms. Do not just provide an
example. Each correct response is worth
2 pts.
1. tidal volume-
2.
Henry's law-
3.
hypoxia-
4.
alveolus-
5. parotid gland-
6. canine teeth-
7.
duodenum-
8.
bile-
9.
bolus-
10.
pyloric sphincter-
11. villus-
12. valsalva maneuver-
13. vitamin-
14. malnutrition-
15. pepsin-
16. essential
nutrient-
Part B.
Please select the best answer to each question. Each correct response is worth 1 pt.
_____17. Which of the following structures is not
associated with the respiratory system?
a. internal nares
b. uvula
c. ileocecal valve
d. oropharynx
e. none of the above
are associated with the respiratory system
_____18. The opening between the true vocal cords in
the larynx is called the:
a. pharynx
b. epiglottis
c. glottis
d. pyloric sphincter
e. none of the above
_____19. The trachea branches first into two ________.
a. secondary bronchi
b. bronchioles
c. primary bronchi
d. auditory tubes
e. none of the above
_____20. The major blood vessel that carries blood
back to the heart from the lungs is the:
a. aorta
b. hepatic portal
vein
c. pulmonary artery
d. pulmonary vein
e. none of the above
_____21. A serous membrane associated with the lungs
is the:
a. peritoneum
b. pericardium
c. pleura
d. all of the above
e. none of the above
_____22. When air is present in the chest cavity
outside of the lungs, the lungs can collapse. This situation is called
a(n):
a. peritonitis
b. pleurisy
c. hiatal hernia
d. pneumothorax
e. none of the above
_____23. A premature baby with infant respiratory
distress syndrome is born without adequate:
a. lung elasticity
b. surfactant in the alveoli
c. vocal cords
d. none of the above
_____24. Side A of a membrane has a partial pressure
of oxygen of 40 mm Hg and a partial pressure of carbon dioxide
of 50 mm Hg. Side B
of the same membrane has oxygen of 100 mm Hg, and carbon dioxide of 40 mm
Hg.
Based on this information:
a. oxygen will diffuse across the membrane from side A to
side B
b. oxygen will diffuse across the membrane from side B to
side A
c. oxygen will not diffuse across the membrane
_____25. Divers frequently have to worry about:
a. the "bends"
b. nitrogen narcosis
c. oxygen toxicity
d. all of the above
e. none of the above
_____26. The most powerful stimulation to breath is
_______ (for a normal individual).
a. low blood pH (high carbon dioxide level)
b. high blood oxygen level
c. high blood pH (low carbon dioxide level)
d. low blood oxygen level
e. none of the above
_____27. Vital capacity + residual volume =:
a. tidal volume
b. expiratory reserve
volume
c. inspiratory
reserve volume
d. total lung
capacity
e. none of the above
_____28. A genetic disease that, among other things,
causes an overproduction of mucus that
clogs air passages is:
a. emphysema
b. chronic bronchitis
c. lung cancer
d. cystic fibrosis
e. multiple sclerosis
_____29. Which of the following is not part of the
function or process of the digestive system?
a. absorption
b. chemical
digestion
c. urine
formation
d. mechanical
digestion
e. peristalsis
_____30. The walls of the digestive system have the
following layers from the inside out:
a. serosa (adventitia), muscularis, submucosa, mucosa
b. mucosa, submucosa, muscularis, serosa (adventitia)
c. submucosa, mucosa, muscularis, serosa (adventitia)
d. serosa (adventitia), submucosa, mucosa, muscularis
e. none of the above
_____31. Which of the following is not a type of tooth
found in adult humans?
a. incisor
b. canine
c. premolar
d. sublingual
e. molar
_____32. Which of the following is not one of the
major regions of the stomach?
a. cardiac
b. fundus
c. body
d. esophageal
e. pyloric
_____33. Kupfer's cells are located in the:
a. stomach
b. duodenum
c. liver
d. gall bladder
e. pancreas
_____34. Mastication is performed by the:
a. duodenum
b. stomach
c. anus
d. teeth
e. all of the above
_____35. Salivary amylase breaks down:
a. fat
b. protein
c. nucleic acid
d. starch
e. none of the above
_____36. You pass by a pizzaria and your mouth begins
to water from the aroma. You have just
entered the ______
phase of digestion.
a. gastric
b. intestinal
c. cephalic
d. all of the above
e. none of the above
_____37. Trypsin and chymotrypsin is produced in the:
a. pancreas
b. gall bladder
c. liver
d. duodenum
e. all of the above
_____38. Which of the following nutrients are not
directly absorbed into the blood from the small intestine, but instead
is absorbed into the lymphatic system instead?
a. sugars
b. lipids
c. amino acids
d. all of the above
e. none of the above
_____39. The salivary gland located under the tongue
is known as the _____ gland:
a. parotid
b. submandibular
c.
Wharton's
d. sublingual
e. subparotid
_____40. Which of the following sphincters is found at
the base of the esophagus?
a. pyloric
b. gastroesophageal
c. laryngoesophageal
d. ileocecal
e. muscularal
_____41. Cells in the gastric lining of the stomach
will not release:
a. hydrochloric acid
b. pepsinogen
c. amylase
d. intrinsic factor
e. mucous
_____42. Which of the following is reabsorbed by the
large intestine?
a. water
b. lipids
c. amino acids
d. sugars
e. all of the above
_____43. Pepsin breaks down:
a. proteins
b. nucleic acids
c. starch
d. all of the above
e. none of the above
_____44. The small intestine includes the:
a. duodenum
b. ileum
c. jejunum
d. all of the above
e. none of the above
_____45. Which of the following is not an essential
nutrient?
a. carbohydrates
b. amino acids (lysine & methionine)
c. carbon dioxide
d. linoleic acid
e. vitamin A
_____46. Which of the following will the body use
first as an energy source?
a. protein
b. fat
c. amino acids
d. glucose
e. starch
_____47. Lipids function as:
a. reserve energy
b. insulation
c. a cushion for vital organs
d. all of the above
e. none of the above
_____48. Fats should compose ____ of one's caloric
intake.
a. 30% or less
b. 50% or less
c. 70% or more
d. 90% or more
e. absolutely none
_____49. Which of the following
foods will contain "complete" protein (i.e. all of the essential
amino acids will be
present)?
a. meat
b. legumes
c. grains
d. green leafy
vegetables
e. none of the above
_____50. Organic molecules that are needed in very
small amounts which often serve as coenzymes are called:
a. minerals
b. proteins
c. lipids
d. vitamins
e. none of the above
_____51. Which of the following vitamins are water soluble?
a. A
b.
K
c.
C
d.
D
e.
E
_____52. If you are deficient in vitamin A, which of
the following symptoms may you experience?
a. beri beri
b. night blindness
c. scurvy
d. blood wont clot
e. pellagra
_____53. _______ deficiency
is the most significant cause of malnutrition.
a. Carbohydrate
b. Lipid
c. Vitamin
d. Protein
e. Mineral
_____54. Metabolism that "breaks down" is
termed:
a. cannibalism
b. photosynthesis
c. anabolism
d. catabolism
e. none of the above
_____55. When NAD+ (oxidized NAD) becomes NADH + H+
(reduced NAD) it has:
a. lost electrons
b. gained electrons
c. lost ATP
d. changed colors
e. none of the above
_____56. Out of the 36 - 38 ATPs produced per glucose
molecule, how many ATPs are produced by
the electron transport system?
a. 2
b. 4
c. 10 - 12
d. 24 - 26
e. 32 - 34
_____57. In cellular respiration, the Krebs cycle will
not produce:
a. carbon dioxide
b. ATPs
c. pyruvic acid
d. NADH + H+
(reduced NAD)
e. FADH2
(reduced FAD)
_____58. When glucose is produced from proteins and/or
lipids, the process is called:
a. glycolysis
b. gluconeogenesis
c. Krebs cycle
d. emulsification
e. none of the above
_____59. You have just eaten a meal. You are now in the _____ state of metabolism.
a. postabsorptive
b. absorptive
c. gastroesophageal
d. valsalva
e. none of the above
_____60. "Good cholesterol" is:
a. LDL
b. VLDL
c. HDL
d. ADH
e. NAD
_____61. The hunger center of the brain is located in
the:
a. medulla oblongata
b. thalamus
c. hypothalamus
d. cerebellum
e. none of the above
_____62. If you are measuring basal metabolic rate on
a patient, the patient:
a. must not have
eaten for 12 hours.
b. must be completely
relaxed in a supine position.
c. must be in a room
temperature environment
d. all of the above
e. none of the above
_____63. If a patient's skin is very hot, flushed, and
dry, then this patient likely is experiencing:
a. heat exhaustion
b. heat stroke
c. emphysema
d. vitamin K
deficiency
e. none of the above
_____64. Fever:
a. is caused by
pyrogens.
b. can help the body
destroy invading microorganisms
c. is regulated by
the hypothalamus
d. all of the above
e. none of the above
_____65. Vitamin ___ can be manufactured by our skin
when it is exposed to sunlight.
a. A
b. B
c. C
d. D
e. E
_____66. The process of glycolysis breaks glucose down
into:
a. lactic acid
b. pyruvic acid
c. carbon dioxide
d. amino acids
e. none of the above
Part C.
Short Answer.
67.
Name and very briefly describe 3 diseases of the digestive system. (6 pts.)
68.
What are three functions of the liver? (6 pts.)
69.
Name two vitamins. For each
vitamin, mention its role in the body, and symptoms of deficiency. (6 pts.)