COURSE SYLLABUS FOR FUNDAMENTALS OF MICROBIOLOGY
BIOLOGY 251, SPRING 2008
7 JANUARY 2008
INSTRUCTOR: Dr. Paul T. Arnold
OFFICE: Maxwell 105
TELEPHONE: 706-379-5131
E-MAIL: ptarnold@yhc.edu
OFFICE HOURS: MWF 8:15 - 8:55 a.m., 11 – 12 noon
TuTh 10 - 12 noon
Other hours by appointment.
WEB PAGE: www.yhc.edu – run your cursor over “academics” then “mathematics
& science” and then “biology” on the purple bar near the top of the page,
afterwards, click on “Course web pages”, and finally on “Biology 251 - Arnold”.
CLASS HOURS AND LOCATION: Lecture: 9 - 9:55 a.m. MWF, Maxwell 109
Lab: 8 - 9:55 a.m. Th, Maxwell 109
COURSE DESCRIPTION: This course attempts to provide an understanding of microbiological concepts and techniques needed in the health professions. This will include study of the anatomy and physiology of microbes, microbial classification, principles of microscopy, sterilization, disinfection, immunology, chemotherapy, epidemiology, disease transmission, pathogenicity and virulence as they pertain to microbes. Skills will be developed in the laboratory on the proper handling, isolating, culturing, evaluation and identification of microorganisms.
COURSE OBJECTIVES: Upon completion of BIO 251, the student should:
1. Understand the general characteristics (life-styles, size, cellular organization) of microorganisms.
2. Have knowledge of the historical development of the study of microbiology.
3. Be able to understand and use methods involved in the culturing of microorganisms, including inoculation, isolation, incubation, inspection and identification.
4. Be able to use a microscope, especially under oil immersion, for the purpose of microbial examination, and understand how it works.
5. Be able to perform simple stains, gram stain, acid fast stain, and other techniques of microscopic examination of microbes.
6. Understand the general anatomy and physiology of prokaryotic organisms.
7. Be able to identify different shapes, arrangements, and colony morphologies of bacteria.
8. Be able to prepare culture media, and to perform aseptic transfers (including streak plates) without contamination.
9. Be able to identify biochemical characteristics of microorganisms by performing differential tests concerning carbohydrate and protein metabolism.
10. Understand how bacteria are classified taxonomically.
11. Understand the general anatomy and physiology of eukaryotic microorganisms, particularly the fungi, protists, and helminths.
12. Understand the anatomy, classification, multiplication cycles, and cultivation techniques of viruses.
13. Understand how viral diseases are detected and controlled.
14. Understand the different ways that microbes obtain nutrition.
15. Understand how environmental factors influence microbial growth.
16. Know how microbial growth is assessed, and how population growth curves are interpreted.
17. Understand the various methods of physical and chemical control of microbial growth (including disinfection and sterilization).
18. Understand the principles behind antimicrobial therapy in human disease.
19. Know the major antimicrobic drug groups and how they inhibit microbial growth.
20. Understand the phenomenon of antibiotic resistance, and how the proper antibiotic is selected for medicinal usage.
21. Know how human microbial diseases are contracted, and how diseases progress in the human body.
22. Understand the processes involved in disease epidemiology.
23. Have a good understanding of human nonspecific and specific immunity.
24. Understand the process of passive and active immunization.
25. Understand, and be able to perform serological tests in order to detect antigens or antibodies in patient sera.
26. Understand the process of hypersensitivity, and the different types of hypersensitivities.
27. Know the various immunodeficiency and autoimmune disorders and current knowledge of how they develop and are treated.
28. Understand how cancer relates to immune system failure.
29. Know the basic identification techniques used in medical microbiology.
30. Know the medically important bacteria, the diseases that they cause, and treatments used against them.
31. Know the medically important fungi, the diseases that they cause, and treatments used against them.
32. Know the medically important protozoans and helminths, the diseases that they cause, and treatments used against them.
33. Know the medically important viruses and virus-like agents, the diseases that they cause, and treatments used against them.
REQUIRED TEXT: Talaro, Kathleen Park. 2006. Foundations of Microbiology, 6th ed., WCB/McGraw-Hill, 834 p
GRADING PROCEDURES: The points will be tallied as follows:
Points % of Final Grade
3 Unit Lecture Exams (100 pts. each) 300 pts. 13.0% x 3 = 39.0%
1 Final Lecture Exam 150 pts. = 19.5%
1 Lab Technique Exam 50 pts. = 6.5%
1 Lab Final Exam 50 pts. = 6.5%
12 Lab Write-ups (10 pts. each) 120 pts. 1.3% x 12 = 15.6%
Research Paper 100 pts. = 13.0%
TOTAL 770 pts. 100.0%
Possible 20 pt. journal article reviews +20 pts.
DESCRIPTION OF GRADE COMPONENTS:
UNIT EXAMS -- 100 pts. (13.0% of final grade) each. Approximately 32% of each exam will consist of the definition of terms, while approximately 33% will be composed of matching/multiple choice questions, and approximately 33% will be composed of discussion/short answer type questions.
FINAL EXAM -- 150 pts. (19.5% of final grade). This exam will be structurally similar to a regular exam and will be comprehensive in nature with emphasis on the last unit covered (Usually 50 pts. comprehensive and 100 pts. over the last unit of material).
LAB TECHNIQUE EXAM -- 50 pts. (6.5% of final grade). At midterm, each student will be given an unknown mixed culture. The student will be asked to make an agar plate, and to streak it in an attempt to isolate the organisms. The student will also be asked to prepare a gram stain and an acid-fast stain of the mixed culture and evaluate the characteristics and identity of the organisms. Student may use lab handouts, notes, etc. in this endeavor. Evaluation will occur of the streaked plate (Were isolated colonies free of contamination produced?), gram stain slide, acid-fast stain slide, and student data regarding cell shape, arrangement, spore presence, interpretation of gram and acid-fast stains, and possible identification.
LAB PRACTICAL FINAL EXAM -- 50 pts. (6.5% of final grade). This exam will occur in the last lab period of the semester and will be comprehensive over the lab material studied during the last half of the semester. Several stations will be set up in the lab, each station with two or more questions. Each student will be given a limited amount of time per station to answer the questions. These questions will be derived from the study objectives listed in each lab handout.
LAB WRITE-UPS -- 10 pts. (1.3% of final grade) each. -- Each write-up will be due the following lab period. Information to be included in the write-up will be found in the lab handout given previous to the lab. NEVER COPY ANYONE ELSES WORK!! You also CANNOT TURN IN A REPORT UNLESS YOU ATTENDED THE LAB SESSION!!! Both of these infractions are in direct violation of the Young Harris College Honor Code, and will be prosecuted to the fullest extent.
RESEARCH PAPER -- 100 pts. (13.0% of final grade). The student will select a topic that interests them in the topic of microbiology. This could be an examination of a particular disease, or of any other aspect of microbial biology, including industrial uses of microbes, microbial ecology, etc. For our purposes, any virus or virus-like structure, bacterium, fungus, protist, and helminth would be considered a microbe. No two students can select the same topic, so you should select your topic as soon as possible! The student must first make up an outline of their paper which they will turn into the instructor at the time indicated on the calendar. The outline will consist of: The title of the paper, a very brief (short paragraph) explanation of what the paper will be about, and an outline of the paper itself (arranged in a typical outline form as in the following example of a fictitious paper entitled "The Behavior of the American Widgeon":
I. Introduction to the American Widgeon
a. Physical description
b. Range
1. Summer
2. Winter
c. Habitat
II. Mating behavior of the American Widgeon
a. . . . . . etc. . . . . .
-----
VI. Summary
Lastly, to be included with the outline is at least two references that you plan to use for your paper. After the outline is submitted to the instructor, the instructor will examine it, make comments, and will turn it back into the student. Based upon comments by the instructor, the student will then begin their construction of their paper.
The paper itself will then be turned in at the deadline shown on the calendar. The paper must follow the following guidelines in order to be accepted:
a. The text of the paper (not including bibliography, illustrations, or title page) must be no less than four full pages, typed, double-spaced, with a one-inch margin, and a font that is no larger than 12 pts. in size.
b. The paper must include a bibliography page. You must have at least four references. At least one of these references must have come from an electronic resource (e.g. legitimate (authoritative) internet sources, on-line journals, CD-rom resources at the library, GALILEO databases, etc.). Also, at least one reference must be non-electronic! Also, half or more of your references should be from sources that are recent (within the last 5 years). The best place to find recent references are periodicals and journals. Make sure you consult various periodical indices at the library (don't be afraid to ask the librarians for help!), and use interlibrary loan if necessary to get the references you need. Use the CBE format (consult the library web page or an English text or professor or writing lab tutors for more information on this).
c. Your paper should contain a 200 word or less abstract that is placed at the beginning of the text of the paper (this is included in the above 4 - 6 page count). An abstract is a brief concise summary of the major points of your paper (It is not an introduction, so avoid statements like “My paper will discuss . . .“) Virtually all scientific papers have abstracts which are designed to be read by other scientists in order to see if they wish to read the actual paper content.
d. Your paper should be organized with (after the abstract) an introduction, which introduces the subject to the reader by describing important background information that is necessary for the reader to have an adequate understanding of your subject. It should also contain a conclusion at the end of the text, which should not only briefly summarize, but also should explain why this information was important to the reader or the writer. Good conclusions often contain recommendations of areas that should be further researched scientifically.
e. Your paper needs to be free from grammatical and spelling errors, as well as typographical errors. You should always have someone proofread your paper (select someone who will take the task seriously and who is a good writer). Nothing detracts more from clearly presenting your ideas on paper than careless errors!
f. Avoid plagiarism! When you are using information from another source, always document it
within your paper! If you are directly quoting a source, either use quotation marks (for short passages) or indent and single-space the quote (for longer passages). In either case you must also indicate the source!! Plagiarism will be penalized through the provisions of the Young Harris College Honor Code, which will include a penalty of “zero“ on the paper assignment and possible further action for repeat offenders.
If your paper follows the above guidelines, and is written in a clear fashion that adequately covers your subject, there is no reason that an "A" cannot be attained. The instructor will count off heavily on "careless" errors that would have been caught by a good proofreading. It is also very important that this paper is your own original work! The instructor is very familiar with paper "banks" that are maintained on campus, as well as those found on the internet. The instructor photocopies pages of each paper turned into him and keeps them on file, and performs other "checks" for plagiarism. If you turn in a paper that is not your own original work, you will receive a zero for your effort (see part “f” above).
JOURNAL ARTICLE REVIEWS -- 20 pts. extra credit --
The student will have as an option during the semester to do journal article
reviews for extra credit. The student
will select journal articles from the following journals: JAMA, New England Journal of Medicine,
Lancet, American Nursing Journal, Nature, Science, Bioscience, Scientific
American, or any other professional journal involved with disease or
microbiology. The article must pertain
to some aspect of medical microbiology.
Each journal article review that you write will be worth 5 extra credit
points (with a maximum of 4 articles accepted).
Your review should be at least one full page in length and should
contain: a) an overall description or
summary of the article, b) the reason that this research is beneficial to the
medical field or human health, and c) a
critique from you pointing out any possible flaws or problems with the article,
or any positive qualities of the article.
The report should be double-spaced with a one-inch margin, and a font no
larger than 12 pts. It does not require
an abstract or bibliography, nor do you need to turn in an outline. There will be a deadline to inform the instructor
of your chosen articles which will be indicated on the calendar (no two
students can use the same article). At
this deadline you will submit, in written form to the instructor, the titles of
each article you plan to write, and the journal, issue, and page that the
article is located. The deadline for the
journal reviews themselves is indicated on the calendar. Do not plagiarize! (
GRADING SCALE: TOTAL
POINTS EARNED LETTER
GRADE
690 - 770 A
613 - 689 B
536 - 612 C
459 - 535 D
458 and below F
Since the student is given the opportunity for extra credit as stated above, and because extra credit questions are given on all lecture exams, the above grading scale will be strictly adhered to in the interest of fairness to all students of this course, present and past.
LATE WORK: Any lab or assignment that is handed in late will be docked one letter grade per day it is late (this includes non-class days -- If an assignment would have received an "A" on Friday, it will receive a "D" if turned in the following Monday).
LABORATORY ATTENDANCE: Laboratory attendance is mandatory. Every attempt must be made to complete the laboratory assignment on the scheduled day due to the nature of the materials available, such as prepared media, reagents, and living cultures of prescribed age. Unfortunately many labs can NOT be made up after 24 hrs has elapsed, and most cannot be made up at all!!!
ELECTRONIC DEVICE POLICY: All electronic devices, including cell phones, must be out of sight and on silent during lectures and exams. Laptop computers may be used, but only for note-taking purposes. If your cell phone must be on because of possible emergency situations, please notify the instructor first! Violation of this policy will result in a loss of extra-credit privileges.
STATEMENT ON CLASSROOM ETIQUETTE: In the interest of your fellow students and out of respect for your instructor, please:
1) be on time. If you must be late, please minimize classroom disturbance when you enter. Remember, many important announcements are made at the beginning of lecture. Students who are habitually late usually miss out on vital instructions and opportunities.
2) don’t leave during lecture, unless it is absolutely necessary. If you know you will have to leave during class, please sit near the door and be discreet while leaving so as not to disturb the other students or your instructor.
3) don’t sharpen pencils or exhibit any other disruptive behavior during lecture (including talking, whispering, playing with cell phones, etc.) This shows a complete lack of respect for your instructor and for your colleagues, and is very distracting. Always bring a spare pen or pencil in order to avoid the necessity of sharpening during lecture, or simply sharpen pencils before lecture.
4) don’t sleep during lecture. If you are too tired to attend lecture, don’t come!
STATEMENT ON LABORATORY SAFETY: Any behavior that would endanger yourself, others, or laboratory property will result in removal from the lab and possibly the course. READ, KNOW, AND UNDERSTAND THESE RULES AND PRECAUTIONS REGARDING THE LABORATORY. During the semester some of the organisms with which you will be working may be PATHOGENIC, and the following rules MUST be followed for the safety of all.
1. READ the laboratory exercises BEFORE coming to the LAB, and have a "game plan" in mind before you begin lab work.
2. NEVER BEGIN WORK on a laboratory exercise before the instructor gives the "pre-lab" instructions!
3. KEEP ALL THINGS (pencils, fingers, etc.) OUT OF YOUR MOUTH and do not lick stamps or labels with your tongue while in the laboratory.
4. CULTURES MUST NOT BE REMOVED from the microbiology lab.
5. When using inoculating loops and needles, always flame them BEFORE and AFTER each transfer.
6. Absolutely NO FOOD or DRINK or SMOKING is permitted in the lab!!!!
7. At the end of each laboratory, make sure all cultures, tubes, plates, etc. are put in their proper locations. NEVER throw anything into a wastebasket that has come in contact with a culture!!
8. All culture tubes, plates, etc., must be LABELED with your initials and the date, AND with the name of the culture or treatment. Any unlabeled tubes will be autoclaved immediately if found in the incubator!
9. Always incubate petri plates in an INVERTED position!
10. DISINFECT your table surface BEFORE and AFTER each laboratory. WASH YOUR HANDS with antibacterial soap BEFORE and AFTER each laboratory. Always assume that a bacterial culture could be pathogenic!
11. Report any accidents or spills IMMEDIATELY to the professor!!
12. You are always welcome to work with a laboratory partner, but NEVER copy their work!!!!!
13. Be very careful around Bunsen burners. Their flames are often not easily visible. Keep flammable liquids, like alcohol, away from the burner flame!
14. Use great care with the microscopes since they are very expensive instruments with sensitive optics. Always use LENS PAPER on the objective and ocular lenses before and after usage ESPECIALLY after using immersion oil!
15. If any fire should occur in the laboratory, notify the instructor immediately. If it cannot be immediately contained, leave the room immediately, and pull the fire alarm box on your way out of the nearest exit!
16. Never use a chemical, or handle a culture until you have been informed about potential hazards!
17. Place your coats, books, etc. near the side of the room -- not on your lab table. Only have necessary items on your lab table!
18. All students MUST wear a LAB COAT while working in the lab! The coats are to remain in the laboratory until the end of the semester.
19. If you are running a fever, vomiting, or have diarrhea, you should NOT attend the laboratory. If you are ill in some other way (cold, sniffles, etc.) it would be advisable for you to wear a mask while you are working with living cultures.
20. Use your laboratory time wisely and take advantage of the time allotted to you. You cannot use the laboratory if the instructor or another responsible person is not present.
21. Students cannot bring visitors, especially small children, to the lab while working with living cultures.
22. Use common sense in all that you do. Don't do anything unless you know what you are doing!!!!!!
ACADEMIC HONESTY: It is expected of all students to uphold the integrity expected from an academic institution. Any cheating or dishonesty in any form will be prosecuted as a violation of the Young Harris College Honor Code. This includes, but is not limited to, giving or receiving unauthorized information regarding exams or assignments, copying or allowing copying of any assignment, lab write-up, or test, or plagiarism from copyrighted material. Violators of this policy will receive a “zero” on the assignment involved, AND will have their name and evidence of cheating submitted to the Academic Dean for possible further action, which could lead to course failure! Please consider the consequences; you will not be given another chance!
MAKE-UP POLICY: You will not be allowed to make up any exam or lab unless:
1. You were very ill at the time of the exam AND you have a legitimate written excuse from the college nurse, counselor or a physician AND you notified me prior to the exam or lab time (via voice mail or phone), or
2. You had a family emergency AND you notified the dean's office or counselor AND you notified me prior to the exam or lab time, or
3. You were on a college-sponsored field-trip or event which required your absence AND you personally notified me of your impending absence at least one week before the event.
If you miss an exam for any other reason than the above, you will receive a zero for an exam grade. If you miss a lab for any other reason than the above, you will receive a zero for the lab. Also, most labs in this course cannot be made up due to the temporary nature of the cultures or materials. Hence, it is suggested that if you do miss a lab, that you do extra credit journal reviews to make up the points! This policy will be strictly enforced in the interest of fairness to all students.
CALENDAR
FOR BIOLOGY 251, SPRING 2008
WEEK
#1
7 January 2008 -- Review of Syllabus and Introduction, Overview of Microbiology
Read: Chapter 1 (The Main Themes of Microbiology)
9 January 2008 -- The Scope of Microbiology, The General Characteristics of Microorganisms
10 January 2008 Lab -- Laboratory Exercise #1: Microscopy
11 January 2008 -- History of Microbiology, Taxonomy of Microorganisms (Last Day to Drop/Add)
WEEK
#2
14 January 2008 -- Methods of Culturing Microorganisms
Read. Chapter 3 (Tools of the Laboratory: The Methods for Studying Microorganisms)
16 January 2008 -- Incubation, Inspection, and Identification, The Microscope
17 January 2008 Lab -- Laboratory Exercise #2: Fungi and Protozoa, Turn in Lab #1 Writeup
18 January 2008 -- Prokaryotic Cell Structure & Morphology
Read. Chapter 4 (An Introduction to Cells and Procaryotic Cell Structure and Function)
WEEK
#3
MLK Jr. Day – No class Monday
23 January 2008 – Prokaryotic Taxonomy. What are Eukaryotes?, Eukaryotic Cell Structure
Read. Chapter 5 (Eucaryotic Cells and Microorganisms)
24 January 2008 Lab -- Laboratory Exercise #3: Aseptic Transfers, Organisms in the Environment, and
Simple Staining, Turn in Lab #2 Writeup
25 January 2008 -- Survey of Eukaryotic Microbes: Fungi, Protists & Helminths
WEEK
#4
28 January 2008 -- What are Viruses?, Viral Structure (Georgia Tuition Equalization Grant Deadline)
Read. Chapter 6 (An Introduction to the Viruses)
30 January 2008 -- Viral Classification, Multiplication Cycles of Viruses, Cultivation of Viruses, Viral
Infection Characteristics
31 January 2008 Lab -- Laboratory Exercise #4: Gram Staining & Special Stains, Turn
in Lab #3
Writeup
1 February 2008 -- Microbial Nutrition
Read. Chapter 7 (Elements of Microbial Nutrition, Ecology, and Growth)
WEEK
#5
4 February 2008 -- Lecture Exam #1 over Chapters 1, 3 - 6
6 February 2008 -- Environmental Influences of Microbial Growth, Study of Microbial Growth
7 February 2008 Lab -- Laboratory Exercise #5: Acid-Fast Staining, Streak Plating, Dilution Pour Plating, Viral Morphology & Culturing, Turn in Lab #4 Writeup
8 February 2008 -- Physical Control of Microbes
Read. Chapter 11 (Physical and Chemical Control of Microbes)
WEEK
#6
11 February 2008 -- Chemical Agents in Microbial Control
13 February 2008 -- Principles of Antimicrobial Therapy, Drug-Microbe Interactions, Survey of Antimicrobic Drugs
Read. Chapter 12 (Drugs, Microbes, Host -- The Elements of Chemotherapy)
14 February 2008 Lab -- Lab Technique Practical Exam, Turn in Lab #5 Writeup
15 February 2008 -- The Human Host, Research Paper Outlines due 5 p.m.!
Read. Chapter 13 (Microbe-Human Interactions)
WEEK
#7
18 February 2008 -- The Infection Process
20 February 2008 -- Epidemiology
21 February 2008 Lab -- Laboratory Exercise #6: Immunology
22 February 2008 -- Lecture Exam #2 over Chapters 7, 11 - 13
WEEK
#8
25 February 2008 -- Introduction to the Immune System
Read. Chapter 14 (Nonspecific Host Defenses)
27 February 2008 -- Nonspecific Immunity vs. Specific Immunity
28 February 2008 Lab -- Laboratory Exercise #7: Physical Control of Microbes: Dessication, Radiation, Cold, Dry Heat, Turn in Lab #6 Writeup
29 February 2008 -- Introduction to the Lymphocyte, Antigens and Antibodies
Read. Chapter 15 (Adaptive, Specific Immunity and Immunization)
WEEK
#9
3 March 2008 -- The Humoral and Cell-Mediated Immune Responses
5 March 2008 -- Immunization and Immunological Assays
6 March 2008 Lab -- Laboratory Exercise #8: Physical Control of Microbes: Moist Heat, Turn
in Lab #7
Writeup
7 March 2008 -- Type I and II Hypersensitivities
Read. Chapter 16 (Disorders in Immunity)
SPRING
BREAK!!!!!!!!!!!!
WEEK
#10
17 March 2008 -- Type III and IV Hypersensitivities, Immunodeficiency Diseases, Cancer
19 March 2008 -- Introduction to Medical Microbiological Techniques
Read. Chapter 17 (Diagnosing Infections) (Last Day to Withdraw without Penalty)
20 March 2008 Lab -- Laboratory Exercise #9: Chemical Control of Microbes, Hands as a vector for infection, Turn in Lab #8 Writeup
GOOD
FRIDAY and EASTER BREAK!!!!!!!!!!!!
WEEK
#11
24 March 2008 -- Staphylococcus and Streptococcus
Read. Chapter 18 (The Cocci of Medical Importance)
26 March 2008 -- Neisseria and Other Gram Negative Bacteria
27 March 2008 Lab -- Laboratory Exercise #10: Infections from Water, Milk, Food, and Insect Vectors, Turn in Lab #9 Writeup
28 March 2008 -- Bacillus, Clostridium, Listeria and Erysipelothrix
Read. Chapter 19 (The Gram-Positive Bacilli of Medical Importance)
WEEK
#12
31 March 2008 -- Corynebacterium, Propionibacterium, Mycobacterium, Actinomyces and Nocardia
2 April 2008 -- Lecture Exam #3 over Chapters 14 - 19 (including p. 537-545)
3 April 2008 Lab -- Laboratory Exercise #11: Pathogens: Culturing Methods, Intestinal and Urinary
Pathogens, Clostridia and Bacilli, Turn in Lab #10 Writeup
4 April 2008 -- Gram-Negative Bacilli
Read. Chapter 20 (The Gram-Negative Bacilli of Medical Importance)
Research Paper due 5 p.m.!!!
WEEK
#13
7 April 2008 -- Treponema, Leptospira, Borrelia, Vibrio, Campylobacter and Helicobacter,
Read. Chapter 21 (Miscellaneous Bacterial Agents of Disease)
9 April 2008 – Rickettsias, Chlamydia, Mycoplasma, Bacteria of Dental Importance
IDEAS Symposium Day – 13 April
2008, no lab
11 April 2008 -- Overview of Fungal Pathogens, Systemic Fungal Infections, Subcutaneous Mycoses
Read. Chapter 22 (The Fungi of Medical Importance)
WEEK
#14
14 April 2008 -- Cutaneous Mycoses, Opportunistic Mycoses
16 April 2008 – Fungal Allergies and Intoxications
17 April 2008 Lab -- Laboratory Exercise #12: Pathogens of the Upper Respiratory Tract, Skin, Mucus
Membranes, and Blood, Vectors, Turn in Lab #11 Writeup
18 April 2008 -- Protozoan Pathogens
Read. Chapter 23 (The Parasites of Medical Importance), Extra Credit Journal Article Reviews Approval Deadline, 5 p.m. (This deadline only applies if you are using reference material other than that listed in the syllabus description)
WEEK
#15
21 April 2008 -- DNA Viruses
Read. Chapter 24 (Introduction to Viruses: The DNA Viruses)
23 April 2008 -- Enveloped RNA Viruses
Read: Chapter 25 (The RNA Viruses that Infect Humans)
24 April 2008 Lab -- Lab Practical Final Exam, Turn in Lab #12 Writeup
25 April 2008 -- Non-Enveloped RNA Viruses, Extra Credit Journal Article Reviews due 5 p.m.
WEEK
#16
30 April 2008 (Wednesday) -- Final Exam, 10:45 a.m.
HAVE
A GREAT SUMMER!!!!!!!!!!!!
TALLY SHEET (Percentage can be determined by dividing "points earned" by "points possible" and multiplying the result by 100)
EXAMS: PTS. EARNED PTS. POSSIBLE
Lecture Exam #1 __________ 100
Lecture Exam #2 __________ 100
Lecture Exam #3 __________ 100
Final Exam __________ 150
Lab Technique Exam __________ 50
Lab Practical Final Exam __________ 50
LABS:
Write-up #1 __________ 10
Write-up #2 __________ 10
Write-up #3 __________ 10
Write-up #4 __________ 10
Write-up #5 __________ 10
Write-up #6 __________ 10
Write-up #7 __________ 10
Write-up #8 __________ 10
Write-up #9 __________ 10
Write-up #10 __________ 10
Write-up #11 __________ 10
Write-up #12 __________ 10
Research Paper __________ 100
Extra Credit __________ 0
TOTAL __________ 770
CLASS ATTENDANCE
POLICY
2007-2008
It is the policy of
When a student violates the attendance policy set by the instructor, the instructor notifies in writing both the student and the academic dean that the student has been withdrawn from the course. In cases where excessive absences have been caused by extremely extenuating circumstances--such as personal or family illness or death in the immediate family--a student who has been withdrawn from a course may appeal the decision of the instructor to the academic dean. This appeal must be made on a form obtained from the academic dean. It must be submitted no later than the class day following the day of notification. During the appeal procedure, the student continues to attend meetings of the class in question. The decision of the academic dean is final.
Students have the responsibility of keeping a record of their absences, of removing absences from the class roll on days when they are unavoidably tardy, and of making up all work missed in their absence.
Students who register for a course after the first class meeting should check with the instructor regarding their absences prior to enrollment.
===========================================================================
Instructor: Dr. Paul T. Arnold Course: Biology 251
Semester: Spring 2008 Period: 9 - 9:55 a.m. MWF
Total number of absences allowed in this course: 9
____________ Excused
____________ Unexcused
____________ Tardy arrivals will count as one absence
Additional comments or instructions:
I have found, as an instructor, that there is usually
a direct correlation between attendance and course performance. Hence, it is unwise, and a waste of money, to
cut classes. Laboratories and exams
cannot be made up except under certain circumstances (see earlier in the
syllabus).