Bio 111 Study Objectives for Chapter 17
  1. What do genes actually code for?
  2. What are the types of RNA, and what are their functions?
  3. What are the primary differences between DNA and RNA?
  4. Be able to describe the process of transcription, including the role of the enzymes helicase and RNA polymerase.
  5. What are the roles of a promotor sequence and a terminator sequence in the process of transcription?
  6. What are exons and introns, and what is their role in transcription of eukaryotes?
  7. What are spliceosomes, and how do they work?
  8. Describe the process of translation. Include the roles of mRNA, tRNA, the P-site of the ribosome, the A-site of the ribosome.
  9. What is a codon? What is an anticodon? How can you determine which amino acid a codon will code for? Be able to use a codon table.
  10. What are frameshift mutations and point mutations? Which type affects the genetic code the most?
  11. What causes mutations?
  12. How are mutations repaired?