Chapter 18, 19 & 27 study objectives for Biology 111

1. Know the basic structure of viruses and the meaning of the following: capsid, envelope, core, genome, DNA virus, RNA virus (19).

2. Describe the host range of viruses (19).

3. Describe a typical viral life cycle (19).

4. What is a phage (bacteriophage) (19)?

5. Describe the lytic and lysogenic cycles of phages. Also know the meaning of the following: virulent virus, temperate virus, prophage. (19)

6. Describe the characteristics of animal viruses, including the different general types of animal viruses. Know examples of each type. (19)

7. What is reverse transcriptase, and what type of viruses use this enzyme? (19)

8. What is a vaccine? (19)

9. How are viruses treated? (19)

10. What is meant by an emerging virus? (19) What are examples?

11. What are examples of cancer-causing viruses? (19)

12. What is a viroid? a prion? What is an example of a prion-related disease? (19)

13. Describe the following as they relate to bacterial genetics: transformation, transduction, conjugation, sex pilus, plasmid, episome, F plasmid, R plasmid, transposon, operon. (18, 27)

14. Describe the process of bacterial conjugation using F plasmids. (27)

15. What is an operon? Know the following as they relate to bacterial operons: operator, promotor, regulatory gene, structural gene. (18)

17. Know how the lac operon works.(18)