Chapter 20 Study Objectives for Biology 111

1. What is the meaning of the following: recombinant DNA, Genetic engineering, Biotechnology, Gene cloning.

2. Describe the function of restriction enzymes and how they relate to the following: restriction sites, restriction fragments, sticky ends.

3. What does DNA ligase do?

4. Describe the procedure of putting eukaryotic DNA into a bacterium.

5. What are nucleic acid probes and what are they used for?

6. What is Southern Blotting and what is it used for?

7. Describe how you can put eukaryotic DNA into another eukaryote.

8. What is a genomic library?

9. What is polymerase chain reaction (PCR) used for?

10. Describe two methods of gene mapping.

11. What is meant by the word "genomics"?

12. How can you isolate specific genes on an electrophoresis gel?

13. Describe how DNA technology is applied in disease diagnosis, human gene therapy, pharmaceuticals, forensics, environmental science and agriculture.

14. What is a transgenic organism.

15. How does DNA fingerprinting work?

16. What are some ethical concerns of DNA technology?